EL MUNDO ES UN JUGUETE sociedad

No estamos para bromas

El escritor reflexiona sobre la situación latinoamericana y sobre aquellos que “hacen de estas tierras un engrudo de sangre y violencia”.

By Nicolás Jozami /

No estamos para bromas. Por ser este el título de la primera columna en esta nueva revista, lo deben haber advertido, lectores, habría una evidente contradicción con el encabezado propio que llevará de aquí en más (El mundo es un juguete), y que, dicho sea de paso, tenía pensado hacía un tiempo. No así el tema, ni siquiera el título de la nota. Pero la concreta realidad, golpea. Zonas de nuestra América Latina, profunda aunque visiblemente  latente, se encuentran en crisis políticas, sociales, que nos gritan desde todos sus órdenes, porque las crisis en estos lados -generalmente en un sistema mundial geopolítico y constituido o pensado por alianzas y bloques- son el equivalente a la lucha y por ende al padecimiento, que tiñen de represión y sangre el suelo (estaba por escribir sueño) mancomunado del habitante de estas tierras, porque, no lo olvido, somos de estas tierras.

Me refiero, a lo que pasa en Chile, Ecuador, Brasil, sumándose el Golpe de Estado en Bolivia. Nelson Specchia, politólogo y amplio conocedor de las realidades latinoamericanas, -de primera,  segunda y tercera mano- hizo un balance, centrándose en los sucesos chilenos: “El decorado del escenario, sin embargo, no puede maquillar una mala obra. Y vienen a demostrarlo los penúltimos desplazamientos tectónicos que están poniendo patas arriba toda la ola neoliberal en la región en los últimos meses. Uno fue la rebeldía en el Perú, que llevó al descabezamiento del empresario y banquero Pedro Pablo Kuczynski apenas dos años después de haber asumido la Presidencia; siguió con los fallidos intentos de aprovechar el caos generado por el poschavismo venezolano para meter al empresario Juan Guaidó por una ventana del palacio caraqueño de Miraflores; tuvo una nueva vuelta de tuerca en Ecuador, cuando los colectivos indígenas bajaron de la sierra y, después de haber amenazado con “guerra” rodeado de militares (aquellos mismos que supusimos que no volverían a aparecer en las escenas de seguridad interna), Lenín Moreno debió dar marcha atrás con los aumentos de combustibles. Y ahora tenemos otro de los penúltimos desplazamientos de placas tectónicas, y en uno de los lugares más sensibles de todos para la propaganda de los apóstoles del libre mercado y de la competencia perfecta: Chile” (Specchia, Nelson. “Chile, entre la guerra y el perdón, en Cuaderno de Bitácora, diario Hoy Día Córdoba, 25/10/19. Nota completa disponible en https://www.hoydia.com.ar/opinion/116-cuaderno-de-bitacora/63305-chile-entre-la-guerra-y-el-perdon.html). Decorado y distracción para que inmediatamente los intereses de unos pocos, hagan de estas tierras un engrudo de sangre y violencia, jugando como fariseos a un cobarde juego de las escondidas.

Zonas de nuestra América Latina, profunda aunque visiblemente  latente, se encuentran en crisis políticas, sociales, que nos gritan desde todos sus órdenes”

Con un juguete, se juega. Se juega a ampliar el mundo. Pero jugar, es hacerlo seriamente, sin fisuras, medias tintas ni dobleces. Las relaciones humanas y sociales se juegan en muchos sentidos. Y las reglas del juego son establecidas en base a los intereses y entendimientos que disputan su lugar. El propio José Martí, poeta cubano, revolucionario pensador y escritor insigne del Modernismo, dejó asentado en 1891, en el primer párrafo de esa especie de manifiesto que fue precisamente Nuestra América, que “Estos tiempos no son para acostarse con el pañuelo en la cabeza, sino con las armas en la almohada, como los varones de Juan de Castellanos: las armas del juicio, que vencen a las otras. Trincheras de ideas valen más que trincheras de piedra” (“Nuestra América”, en La Revista Ilustrada de Nueva York, Estados Unidos, 1891). Fíjense cómo el pensador apela al concepto castrense para ambos sentidos; nótese que las trincheras pueden ser de piedra, pero también deben serlo de ideas. Al mismo tiempo, y siguiendo con el instrumental bélico, menciona “armas” unidas al objeto -la almohada- sobre el que descansa o reposa nuestra cabeza, el que acompaña nuestro “sueño”. Luego, sigue el poeta, advirtiendo sobre la innegable misión de establecer un cuerpo de pensamiento desde América que pueda vivir criticándose a sí misma, porque eso dice, pero también que sirva para hacerle frente al tigre con zarpas de terciopelo (aquí pongan el adversario político que quieran). Yo pongo el mío: las decisiones políticas que perjudican, retrasan, destruyen mercenariamente la decencia y dignidad de la gente (pueblo les parece grande, bueno, de la mayoría de los que apenas llegan a fin de mes), hechas por mercaderes y fariseos (o fariseos mercaderes) ocupando el poder. “No más el pueblo de hojas sino poner en fila los árboles para que no pase el gigante de siete leguas”. Eso, Martí, en un texto de fines del siglo XIX pero que, lamentablemente, podría haber sido escrito desde cierta perspectiva, hoy.

Decorado y distracción para que inmediatamente los intereses de unos pocos, hagan de estas tierras un engrudo de sangre y violencia, jugando como fariseos a un cobarde juego de las escondidas”

Jugarse la vida. Para no tolerar ser más perjudicados. No quise ver videos de las represiones cobardes en Chile; tampoco algunas en Ecuador. Prefiero remitirme a un meme, grafiti, slogan escrito y difundido en redes sociales, que decía lo siguiente: “Si no permitís la violencia y estás en contra de ella cuando hay reclamos sociales. ¿Por qué la permitís y hasta pedís cuando hay que tratar con ella? Simple, directo.

Quienes nos dedicamos a la docencia, o una parte de quienes abrazamos esta profesión, entendemos que pensar y educar es atravesar, abrir surcos, saber que no hay cuestiones ineludibles, cerradas, lineales. Pero el hilo suele hacerse delgado cuando la calle parece inhabilitar el pensamiento y la reflexión apaciguadora. Igualmente hay que sostenerlo, defenderlo: siempre hay que pensar, reflexionar, abrir surcos, aunque actuemos en coyunturas con medias verdades. Ahí nos embarramos todos desde nuestros lugares, con nuestras verdades. G. K. Chesterton, ácido escritor católico, señalaba respecto a los tipos de humanos lo siguiente: “No se debe aumentar ni en un penique el salario de nadie; no se debe acortar ni en una hora el día laboral de nadie; pues esto podría retardar el dulce y rápido proceso por el cual y muy pronto todo en la Tierra pertenecerá a sus seis habitantes más inescrupulosos”. (Alba Rico, Santiago, “G. K. Chesterton: La revuelta del hombre común”, en revista Archipiélago, N° 56, 2003, disponible en https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B8eVxUxOpqklVTlTc01fTUdYLXc/edit). En otro breve ensayo, clasifica las clases de gentes: el Pueblo, los Poetas y los Profesores e Intelectuales. Dice del Pueblo: “…posiblemente integra la clase más amplia y de más valor. Debemos a esa clase las sillas en las que nos sentamos, las ropas que vestimos, las casas que habitamos; y verdaderamente (cuando llegamos a pensar en ello) probablemente nosotros mismos pertenecemos a esa clase”.  

“No más el pueblo de hojas sino poner en fila los árboles para que no pase el gigante de siete leguas”. Eso, Martí, en un texto de fines del siglo XIX pero que, lamentablemente, podría haber sido escrito desde cierta perspectiva, hoy”

Pensar o educar es mostrar que se educa para la liberación, (y ella se juega de diverso modo en cada momento histórico). Tildar de dogmático el ejercicio educativo, o de doctrinario, no tiene cabida; eso es desnudar o descubrir justamente como dogmático a quien ataca la función de la educación.  Italo Calvino, en su novela Si una noche de invierno un viajero, (un juguete que siempre se interrumpe) imprime: “Podemos impedir que se lea: pero en el decreto que prohíbe la lectura se leerá algo de la verdad que no quisiéramos que se leyera nunca…” (Calvino, Italo, 1975: 109). América Latina quiere jugar a su modo, con el sueño de un suelo lo más digno posible.

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