In memoriam Socolovsky: ¿Por qué la gente lee mala literatura?

“Hace unos días cerraba sus puertas Libros Pampa y remataba sus libros en cajas de veinte, jamás había visto tantas personas en una librería, estaban ebrias de excitación, levantaban las manos “cien pesos por esa caja”, otro “doscientos pesos”, voraces “trescientos”, sus caras satisfechas de mejor postor”.

La noche está habitada por horrores que nos quitan el sueño. Los humildes y los desclasados se preguntan cómo llegar a fin de mes; los simples, quién ganará el partido del domingo; los débiles mentales, por qué alguien robaría si ya es rico. En lo que a mí respecta, el interrogante que prolonga la vigilia hasta el filo del alba es ¿por qué habiendo buena literatura la gente lee mala literatura?

Alcanza con entrar a una librería para comprender que se imprimen demasiados libros. En una librería respetable no debería haber más de diez títulos. Eso es lo que me gusta de la literatura, para entender del asunto hacen falta dos semanas y para ser un experto tres meses. En diez libros está todo, lo demás es hojarasca, decorado, notas al pie, relleno, en fin, mercado. Sin duda el mercado prefigura los gustos de los -llamémosle así generosa y pragmáticamente- lectores. Pero ¿cuáles son esas prefiguraciones?

Empecemos por lo evidente: la abundancia de libros es resultado de la abundancia de escritores. La culpa de que existan tantos escritores contemporáneos es de aquellos que no conocen otra gracia que la de multiplicarse. Corolario: la mala literatura son los padres. No en vano horrorizaban a Borges los espejos.

En diez libros está todo, lo demás es hojarasca, decorado, notas al pie, relleno, en fin, mercado”

A continuación, sucede algo que siempre me llamó muchísimo la atención. Esta polvoareda de abominables copuladores va a concluir sin demasiados preámbulos que lo suyo es la escritura. Jamás se les pasaría por la cabeza que pueden ser médicos, o ingenieros químicos o neurocientíficos, pero les parece lo más natural del mundo que pueden escribir. ¿Creerán ingenuamente que escribir es escribir?

Un aliciente para semejante disparate puede ser el que les dicta que tienen una historia única para contar o, peor todavía, algo original para decir, y así tenemos un libro por cada persona en este planeta. Y yo me imagino a los pobres e indefensos árboles renegando de su infausto destino mientras se convierten en autoficción o biografía de personajes patéticamente célebres.

La culpa de que existan tantos escritores contemporáneos es de aquellos que no conocen otra gracia que la de multiplicarse”

Estos escritores son también lectores. Se leen unos a otros como endógamos judíos o reyes de larguísima ascendencia devenidos en un revoltijo de cromosomas o monstruos perfectos (click). La gente encuentra así satisfacción en la seguridad de lo ya sabido, el judío se casa con la judía, el monarca con su hermana y el que escribe mala literatura se regodea leyendo mala literatura. Les gustan los libros donde “se sienten identificados”. Hace un año le presté a un chongo La conciencia de Zeno de Italo Svevo, cuando me lo devolvió me dijo que el libro no le había gustado porque el personaje fumaba mucho. A una amiga le dejé Road to Los Ángeles, de John Fante, su devolución fue que ese tal Arturo Bandini es un machista. Si estas personas tuvieran por milagro divino la voluntad de leer À la réchérche du temps perdu, me vería obligada a cortarme las orejas para evitar su dictamen sobre Marcel.

Otro motivo por el cual la gente lee mala literatura es porque cree que la mala literatura no existe, porque lo malo y lo bueno son subjetivos. Entonces, naturalmente, no meditan excesivamente el itinerario a recorrer y un libro de Camila Sosa Villalba suple, sin merma, El rojo y el negro. No discriminan rasgos, características, matices, aspectos, tonalidades, velocidades, ritmos, contrastes, sutilezas, ironías, detalles, conexiones, paralelismos; lo que buscan son personajes genéricos y escenarios familiares que opinen y sean como ellos. Si percibís todo igual ¿para qué vas a elegir? ¿para qué vas a cambiar?

Yo me imagino a los pobres e indefensos árboles renegando de su infausto destino mientras se convierten en autoficción o biografía de personajes patéticamente célebres”

Cuando la moda vende mucha ropa no es para tanto, pero se vuelve peligrosa cuando vende muchos libros. La moda tiene una fórmula práctica que cada temporada nos trae otro exitoso bodrio. Para empezar se imprime un ejemplar de, digamos, 320 páginas, es el número áurico de las editoriales. Si fueran menos, el lector creería que el libro no es lo suficientemente largo como para ser considerado un libro y poner a prueba su intelecto; si fueran más, jamás encontraría el tiempo libre para acabarlo. Porque la gente cree que se lee en el tiempo libre, el tiempo muerto, en conclusión, que leer es una pérdida de tiempo. El siguiente ingrediente es un tema actual, sobre el que, por lo general, ya ha dicho todo Baltasar Gracián. Ahora una pizca de crudeza y otra de misterio, pero ninguna debe ofender ni aturdir, se recomienda lo políticamente correcto, es decir, no criticar las identidades con las que se masturban los lectores que temen ser Nadie y viven bajo el amparo de colectividades prefabricadas. Finalmente, una editorial o institución organiza un concurso literario con tres o cuatro parásitos de fábrica como jurado e inviste al que eventualmente los sucederá, creando así la única ficción de la que son capaces, la ficción de calidad narrativa.

Hace unos días cerraba sus puertas Libros Pampa y remataba sus libros en cajas de veinte, jamás había visto tantas personas en una librería, estaban ebrias de excitación, levantaban las manos “cien pesos por esa caja”, otro “doscientos pesos”, voraces “trescientos”, sus caras satisfechas de mejor postor. Me pregunto ¿a dónde habrán ido a parar esos libros? Cuando salí el sol se hundía como cansado incendiando el asfalto bajo su peso, cometí el error de comentarlo con uno de los negociadores, a lo que este respondió: “¡lo que es la naturaleza, eh!

No discriminan rasgos, características, matices, aspectos, tonalidades, velocidades, ritmos, contrastes, sutilezas, ironías, detalles, conexiones, paralelismos”

Sin embargo, y a pesar de las estadísticas, los comportamientos y los comentarios, yo creo que la gente no es tonta, y que si reza a santos mediocres es porque no conoce a Cervantes. Así que, si crees que Incardona, Benedetti, Enríquez y Almada son buenos escritores, cuando leas a Ezequiel Martínez Estrada te vas a caer de orto.

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