En el año 2020 se institucionalizó el 4 de marzo como día mundial de la obesidad. El objetivo de la visibilización de este día, es lograr soluciones integrales y responsabilidad compartida para abordar el problema global de la obesidad desde un nuevo paradigma.
En Argentina, el sobrepeso y obesidad es la forma más prevalente de malnutrición y a lo largo de los últimos años también se identifica una tendencia creciente, en todos los grupos etarios y sociales.
Según los datos de la última Encuesta Nacional de Nutrición y Salud (ENNYS, 2019) el exceso de peso está presente en el 67,9% de la población adulta, en el 41,1% de la población de 5 a 17 años y en el 13,6% de la población menor de 5 años.
Acorde a estos datos la última Encuesta Nacional de Factores de Riesgo (2019) reflejó una prevalencia de 61,1% de exceso de peso en la Argentina y un 64,2% en la provincia de La Pampa en mayores de 18 años. De igual modo los datos recolectados por del Programa de Sanidad Escolar (ProSaNe) del 2018 exponen que el 27,5% de los niños entre 5 y 13 años de La Pampa poseen sobrepeso y obesidad.
Todos estos números confirman que el sobrepeso y la obesidad es una realidad que debe ser abordada.
La obesidad es un problema de Salud Pública multifactorial y se trata de un factor de riesgo importante para otras enfermedades no transmisibles como diabetes, hipertensión y diversos tipos de cánceres, todas ellas principales causas de mortalidad y morbilidad en el mundo.
Entre los principales determinantes del sobrepeso y obesidad se encuentra un estilo de vida poco saludable, en el que se incluyen la elevada ingesta energética de azúcar y grasas, a través de productos ultra procesados de bajo valor nutricional y el sedentarismo.
La obesidad no es un problema estético, sino un problema de salud y por lo tanto su prevención, abordaje y tratamiento debe considerarse un derecho.
Se debe fomentar el cambio en el estilo de vida para adquirir hábitos saludables, tales como, aumentar el consumo de frutas y verduras, ingerir agua, realizar actividad física periódicamente, evitar el sedentarismo, evitar consumir alimentos con alto contenido de azúcar, sal y grasa, respetar las cuatro comidas del día y evitar picotear entre comidas.
Es importante, siempre que se pueda, elegir alimentos preparados en casa, tener una alimentación variada y controlar la cantidad que comemos, como también es de suma importancia realizar controles médicos periódicamente.
La obesidad es un enfermedad multifactorial por lo que el abordaje de la misma debe ser multisectorial, todos debemos trabajar en la construcción de soluciones de esta problemática.
56 thoughts on “Buscan visibilizar la epidemia del siglo XXI: la obesidad”
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